Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Background: The progression of renal, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is associated with increased Urinary Augmented Excretion (UAE) among hypertensive patients. Captopril is shown to reduce micro albuminuria and improve the insulin sensitivity in patients with essential hypertension. But, more study is needed to know about the efficacy of other non-sulfhydryl ACE inhibitor agents and β-blockers to have such action. In elderly patients with essential hypertension, micro albuminuria is now considered to be a marker for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and renal risk. So, based on above subjects the present study was planned to study the effect of enalapril, non-sulfhydryl ACE inhibitor and atenolol, β-blocker on blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion in pre and postmenopausal women patients with essential hypertension. Materials & methods: The study included 30 pre and 30 postmenopausal women patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension and 60 normal controls for both the groups.  The age group of premenopausal hypertensive women was 30-50 years and for postmenopausal hypertensive women it was 50-70 years. Clinical criteria were used for selection of all the patients. It was made sure that no patient had taken anti-hypertensive drugs before the study. Measurement of urinary creatinine was done to ensure completeness of the 24 hour urine collection and only those values were considered reliable with good urine collection that had values + 20% in comparison to expected values. All the results were recorded and analyzed. Results: The 24 hours urine samples of healthy premenopausal and postmenopausal normotensive subjects had 5.8 + 5.5 and 6 + 5.2 of UAE respectively In comparison to this, patients treated with enalapril showed less significant decrease in the level of UAE. In premenopausal women, UAE decreased from 31.51 + 5.45 to 14.77 + 3.1 mg/24 hours whereas in postmenopausal women UAE decreased from 33.15 + 5.8 to 18.22 + 2.8 mg/24 hours. Conclusion: Metabolic and homodynamic defects with pathogenic potentials regardless of the underlying mechanisms are signaled in hypertensive patients by micro albuminuria.
Key words: Atenolol, Enalapril, Hypertension