Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Background: A hernia occurs when viscera, or a portion of viscera, pushes through either a regular or an irregular opening in the wall of the body cavity that normally contains it1. Specifically, a ventral hernia refers to any hernia that protrudes through the abdominal wall, while an Incisional hernia (IH) is one that emerges through a surgical scar. Numerous studies indicate that individuals who undergo abdominal surgeries face a 10% to 20% probability of developing an Incisional hernia (IH). Methods: This is a prospective study that focused on patients who were admitted to the hospital. A total of 70 cases involving various types of hernias were operated on during this study. Specifically, 30 cases of incisional hernias were part of the study group. In this series, patients who were admitted to surgical wards across all surgical units were carefully examined to evaluate abdominal wall defects, as well as to identify any underlying causes and predisposing factors2. Following the comprehensive physical examinations of the patients, clinical diagnoses were established, which also encompassed identifying any associated etiological and predisposing factors. Results: During the duration of our study, a total of 70 patients underwent hernia surgery, with 30 of these cases being incisional hernias. The most prevalent type of hernia observed was inguinal hernia, making up 41.46% of cases, while incisional hernias accounted for 40% of the cases. Other less common types of hernias constituted 18.34% of the total cases examined. Conclusion: Mesh repair has been shown to be more effective in preventing hernia recurrence compared to anatomical repair for incisional hernias. Incisional hernias are more frequently observed in women than men, primarily due to abdominal wall weakening as a result of multiple pregnancies, an increased number of cesarean sections, and gynecological surgeries. To minimize the occurrence of incisional hernias, it is crucial to employ a sterile aseptic technique during surgery and administer appropriate pre-operative antibiotics.