Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate iron deficiency anaemia as a potential risk factor for the onset of a febrile seizure for the first time. Material and Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Pediatrics, Cases (n=60) were patients with typical febrile convulsions between 1 year to 5 years (AAP clinical practice guidelines). A control group (n=60) was selected from age and sex matched children admitted with febrile illness but without a seizure. Hematological investigations include Haemoglobin, MCV, MCH, RDW, Serum Ferritin, Serum Iron, TIBC and Peripheral blood smear. Results: 85% children had Hb <11 gm/dl from the case group as compared to 25% in control group with significant p-value (p <0.01). The proportion of cases with anemia was significantly higher as compared to that of controls (p=0.011). Mean hemoglobin level and MCV in cases were significantly lower as compared to that in controls (p = 0.02). RDW value is significantly higher in cases as compared to control (p =0.02). No significant difference between the two groups was observed with respect to mean MCH levels (p=0.07). serum ferritin and serum iron levels in cases were significantly lower as compared to that in controls (p=0.01). Conclusion: The findings suggest that a considerable percentage of children having febrile seizures suffer from iron-deficiency anemia and low serum iron. This means the low serum iron and the presence of anemia can serve as a reinforcing factor for febrile seizures in children.