Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Background: Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) has been used with increasing frequency in cases of the malignant or non-malignant haematological diseases. Acute graft versus host disease (acute GVHD) and lung injury remain common complications and are significant causes of mortality after allo-HSCT. Aspiration pneumonitis, caused by the acute inhalation of gastric contents, appears on computed tomography (CT) as airway thickening with ground-glass opacities showing a centrilobular and peribronchovascular distribution. Hence; we retrospectively analyzed the findings of CT in patients developing pulmonary complications after allogeneic HSCT. Materials & methods: The present study was included in the department of pulmonary medicine of the medical institution and included all those patients who underwent stem cell transplantation and developed pulmonary complications and underwent high-resolution chest CT within 24 h of the onset of symptoms, and were shown to have abnormal findings by high-resolution CT. Clinical characteristics were evaluated in terms of age, sex, the existence of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD),days from HSCT, donor source, disease risk, decrease of cal-cineurin inhibitor (CI) doses, and conditioning regimen. Alemtuzumab-containing regimens were used in HSCT from a two or three antigen-mismatched donor. GVHD prophylax is consisted of a continuous infusion of cyclosporine or tacrolimus combined with short-term methotrexate. The observers evaluated the presence, extent, and distribution of CT findings suggestive of pulmonary complications. CT findings were evaluated as major and minor findings. All the results were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: Mean age of the patients was 49.5 years. Acute Myeloid leukaemia (ALL) was the final diagnosis in maximum of 31 percent of the cases while cute lymphoid leukaemia was the final diagnosis in 18 percent of the individuals. Source of donor were related in 30.5 and 32.6 percent of cases in responder and the non-responder group respectively while they were unrelated in 69.5 and 67.4 percent of the individuals respectively. Significant difference was observed while comparing the chronic GVHD parameter in between the two study groups. Conclusion: No specific CT findings are predicator of antimicrobial of steroidal response. However, futures studies are advocated. 
Key words: CT, Pulmonary

Corresponding Author: Dr. Niranjan Bapusaheb Patil, Professor, Department of Radiology, DY Patil Medical College, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India

This article may be cited as: Patil NB, Wadhwani ND. Assessment of computed tomography findings in patients with pulmonary complications after stem cell transplantation: A retrospective analysis. J Adv Med Dent Scie Res 2016;4(5):110-113.