Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Background:Pregnancy induces a range of physiological transformations involving hormonal, metabolic, and immunologic shifts. These alterations not only affect overall bodily functions but also impact the composition of the skin and mucous membranes. A common manifestation observed in around 90% of pregnant women is the hyperpigmentation of the skin, particularly noticeable in naturally pigmented regions such as the genitals, perineum, periumbilical skin, and areolae.Methods:A cross-sectional observational study was organized, receiving approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Over the designated 8-month data collection period, a total of 430 consecutive pregnant women were enrolled in the study. Each participant underwent a comprehensive process involving detailed medical history assessments and thorough physical examinations, with a particular focus on identifying instances of pruritus.Results:The study encompassed a cohort of 430 participants, with an average age of 32.6 ± 4.6 years and an average gestational age of 30.4 ± 5.8 weeks. Primiparas constituted 71.5% of the pregnant women, while multiple pregnancies accounted for 7.3% of the total cases. The overall prevalence of pruritus throughout the entire duration of pregnancy was 40.2%. However, at the time of examination (point prevalence), only 19.2% (n = 84) of patients reported experiencing pruritus. Notably, 7.1% of women disclosed experiencing pruritus before the onset of their pregnancy. Conclusion: Investigating pruritus during pregnancy involves a meticulous evaluation, including a comprehensive medical history and thorough physical examination. In certain cases, laboratory studies, such as assessing liver transaminase levels, serum bile acid levels, and occasionally performing a skin biopsy, may be warranted to establish a more accurate diagnosis. It's important to note that the treatments recommended for these conditions are deemed safe during pregnancy, ensuring the well-being of both the expectant mother and the developing fetus.