Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Aim: Study of clinical and haematological investigation of pancytopenia cases. Materials and Method: All new patients who were above 14 years of age, presented with peripheral pancytopenia (Hb<10gm/dl; TLC <4000/µL and Platelet <1,50,000/µL) and willing for bone marrow aspiration study as a part of diagnostic evaluation were included in the study. Selected patients were subjected for detailed clinical history, physical examination followed by lab investigations which included complete hemogram, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), Peripheral blood smear study and Reticulocyte count. Bone marrow was performed in all patients and biopsy in selected patients only. Result: Commonest clinical presentations were generalized weakness in 61% followed by fever in 47%. Most common physical findings were pallor observed in all patients followed by splenomegaly and hepatomegaly in 15 and 8 patients respectively. Out of which megaloblastic erythropoiesis with hypercellular marrow were observed in 39 cases. Rest of the cases with hypercellular marrow and peripheral pancytopenia showed hypersplenism in 06 cases and dimorphic anemia in 02 patients. In hematological malignancy, 13 cases of acute leukemia with highest incidence in age range of 15-24 (08), 02 each in age range of 25-34 and 35-44 and 01 case in 45-54 age groups. 02 cases were diagnosed as MDS and were advised for karyotyping. Conclusion: Pancytopenia is a clinical entity associated with numerous reversible or irreversible etiologies. Megaloblastic anemia is the most common and reversible cause of pancytopenia.