Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Aim: To investigate the function of real-time ultrasonography in assessing gallbladder volume in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: The Department of Radiology performed a cross-sectional prospective research. The study comprised 50 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with a duration of 5 years or more and diabetic complications as cases, as well as 55 age and gender matched healthy controls. The presence of symptoms such as dysphagia, abdominal fullness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, faecal incontinence, urine incontinence, gustatory perspiration, impotence, and so on was used to diagnose autonomic neuropathy. 3ml fasting blood samples were taken from all patients under aseptic conditions and utilised to estimate fasting blood sugar and postprandial blood sugar. Results: Mean age of the T2DM patients was 43.58±6.98 and in the healthy controls 49.88±7.69 (p=0.41). In the cases, 35 were males and 15 were females and in the control group 35 were males and 15 were females. In the present study, BMI (27.08±3.21kg/m2), FBS (160.88±24.09mg/dl), PPBS (248.01±38.01mg/dl), Fasting gall bladder volume (36.15±8.02cm3), post fatty meal gall bladder volume (16.91±7.87cm3), ejection fraction (52.04±18.02cm3) were significantly increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients compared with healthy controls. In the study group, T2DM patients were also subdivided broadly into without complications and those with diabetic complications. T2DM patients without diabetic complications were reported in 30(60%) patients. Peripheral neuropathy was observed in 8(16%), peripheral neuropathy & Autonomic neuropathy was reported in 6(12%) cases. In the present study, fasting GB Volume (cm3), post fatty meal GB Volume (cm3) and ejection fraction (%) were compared between the T2DM patients without complications and with complications. The fasting GB Volume (cm3) was not statistically significant between two groups (p=0.32). The post fatty meal gallbladder volume (cm3) was statistically significant between the two groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: Ultrasound examination of gall bladder volume (fasting and post-prandial) and Ejection Fraction are useful criteria to determine gallbladder function. Gallbladder function should be assessed frequently in T2DM patients since inadequate gallbladder emptying may lead to gallstone development and related problems. Further investigations with high sample size are recommended.