Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Aim: Histopathological study of neoplastic lesions of thyroid. Methods: This retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Pathology. The material for this study consisted of thyroidectomy specimens including lobectomy, partial thyroidectomy, subtotal thyroidectomy and total thyroidectomy. Every patient was preoperatively assessed by FNAC. Detailed information regarding age, gender, clinical details (hypothyroid, hyperthyroid and euthyroid), relevant investigations like Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology, USG reports, thyroid scan and operative findings were obtained from histopathological report forms. Results: 80% cases were found to be females and 20% cases were males with a female: male ratio of 4:1. Among total of 100 neoplastic lesions, 27 cases were adenomas 21 cases of follicular adenoma and 6 cases of Hurthle cell adenoma were diagnosed accounting for 21% and 6% respectively of all neoplastic thyroid lesions. The age of the studied benign thyroid neoplastic lesions ranged from 11 years to 67 years with a mean age of 37.95 years and the relative peak age of incidence was seen in 20-30 years age group (28%). The young age group (≤20 years) and the elderly age group above 60 years constituted 9% and 5% of cases respectively. Malignant thyroid lesions accounted for 73% (n=73) of all neoplastic lesions. Papillary carcinoma was the commonest malignant tumor in this study seen in 60(82.19%) of all malignant lesions. Of these cases, 10(16.67%) were males and 50 (83.33%) were females with a female: male ratio 5:1. Most of the patients (n=18; 30%) were between 20-30 years of age. 8 cases of follicular carcinoma and 4 cases of medullary carcinoma were encountered in this study, comprising of 8% and 4% of all malignant neoplasms respectively. No case of anaplastic carcinoma were seen in our study. Conclusion: Thus in conclusion, females accounted for 80% of patients with neoplastic thyroid lesions and the incidence peaked at a younger age. Papillary carcinoma was the most frequent thyroid cancer accounting for 60% of thyroid cancers and follicular adenoma was the common benign tumor.