Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Radiography of the hand & wrist is the commonest modality used to calculate bone age. Automated methods for evaluation of hand and wrist radiographs are also being developed which reduce inter rater variability compared to manual methods. Non radiation based techniques of visualizing hand & wrist bones such as ultrasonography for bone age calculation have been theorized but are not as accurate as radiographic methods. MRI based methods are being developed but require more research. Dental age is an alternate form of bone age determination, which also gives an estimate of skeletal maturity. The accurate age assessment is required for applying correct treatment modality in pediatric patient as well as for forensic purpose. The hand wrist radiograph is considered to be the most standardized method of skeletal assessment. In the present review we will discuss about the various methods of hand wrist skeletal maturity assessment. Sources of Data/Study Selection: Recent articles published between years 2004-2016 obtained from online search engines Pubmed and Google Scholar were used in preparation of this review. Key words: Bone Age Measurement, Diagnostic X-Ray Radiology, Hand wrist radiograph, chronological age, Greulich and Pyle atlas, Clavicle.