Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Introduction:-Oral cancer is the leading global cause of morbidity and mortality. It is one of the ten most common cancers in world. Oral cancer is almost all times preceded by some type of pre cancerous lesion. Early detection and elimination of the causative risk factors can help in reduction of its incidence. In India  the incidence of oral cavity cancers are one of the highest in world because of tobacco products are easily available and lack of community awareness. Oral cancers can be prevented by action against risk factors and early detection by simple screening and periodic visits to dentists. Aim and Objectives: To study the prevalence of oral pre cancerous lesions and conditions its site and age predilections. Materials and Methods:- This one year duration study was under taken on patients visiting to Department of Dentistry K.R.Hospital Mysuru on OPD basis. After obtaining detailed history and informed consent they were screened of oral precancerous lesions. Only clinical criteria were used for diagnosis of oral precancerous lesions. Efforts were also made to motivate them to quit the adverse habits if any. Results:- Based on above values we can deduce that maximum lesions in our study noted was Erythroplakia seen in age groups of 31- 40 years(41.7%),followed by Oral submucous fibrosis  of (40%)seen  in age groups of 51-60 years probably attributed to long standing adverse habits, leukoplakia in age groups of 41-50years and 51-60 years (30%). Results of individual Site depicted maximum site of occurrence of oral precancerous lesions is in Buccal Mucosa in age groups of 41-50 years(30%), followed by Retro Molar Trigone age group of 31-40 years(16.7%),ventral surface of tongue in age groups of 41-50 years and 51-60 years (10%),least being palate with 4.2% in age groups of 21-30 years. Conclusion:- The maximum site affected in our study was buccal mucosa (30%) followed by Retro molar Trigone (16.7%), very interestingly maximum lesion noted in our study was Erythroplakia (41.7%), followed by Oral Submucous Fibrosis(40%)  least being leukoplakia (30%). Multiple site being affected are  Buccal Mucosa and Lip. Based on these observations it can be arrived at a point that the lesions have specific site predilections based on age groups, but evaluate detailed association of lesions  with site further studies are contemplated for achieve more level of significance. Early detection of premalignant oral lesion is of utmost importance to prevent further progress to oral cancer.
Key words:- Leukoplakia, erythroplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, retromolar trigone, floor of the mouth.

Received: 4 January, 2019                                       Revised: 24 February, 2019                           Accepted: 27 February, 2019
Corresponding Author: Dr. T.S. Subash, M.D.S, Conservative and Endodontics, MSc, Forensic Odontology, Head of The Department, Department of Dentistry, K.R. Hospital, Mysore -01, Karnataka, India

This article may be cited as: Tejaswi SS, Subash TS. A Clinical Study of Prevalence of Oral Pre Cancerous Lesions and Conditions at K.R. Hospital, Mysore - One year Descriptive Epidemiological Study. J Adv Med Dent Scie Res 2019;7(3): 135-138.