Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Background: Periapical lesions are universally present and apical periodontitis, peri- apical granuloma, peri- apical abscess and peri- apical cysts are common one. The present study aimed at histological findings in chronic periapical lesions such as cysts, granuloma and abscess. Materials & Methods: The present study was conducted on 148 teeth having chronic inflammatory periapical lesions with or without non- surgical endodontic treatment. Endodontic surgery was performed by single endodontics. After surgical endodontic treatment, teeth were assessed histologically. Biopsy sections were sent to the department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology. All slides stained with hematoxylin/eosin and Gomoritrichrome for light microscopy assessment. Results: Out of 148 teeth, 41 had chronic inflammatory lesions, 34 had inflammatory cysts and 25 had indefinite lesions. Chronic inflammatory lesions assessed histologically found chronic apical periodontitis in 86 cases and inflammatory cysts in 62 cases. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Out of 86 cases of chronic apical periodontitis confirmed clinical radiographically, 64% found positive while 36% were not histologically. Out of 62 cases of inflammatory cysts confirmed clinical radiographically, 78% found positive while 36% were not histologically. Out of 25 indefinite lesions, 56% found chronic inflammatory lesions while 44% found inflammatory cyst. Conclusion: There was significant disagreement in clinical radiographic as well as histological diagnosis. This shows the importance of histological examination as not all cases are confirmed clinically and even radiographic examination may be doubtful. Key words: Clinical, Histological, Radiographic.