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Volume 5 Issue 1 (January, 2017)

Original Articles

TWIRKLING SIGN IN DETECTION OF RENAL AND URETERAL STONE- A CLINICAL STUDY
Vijay Hanchate

Background: Kidney stone disease (urolithiasis) is when a solid piece of material (kidney stone) occurs in the urinary tract.  The present study was conducted to compare standard gray scale ultrasound with color Doppler ultrasound for the detection of urinary stones. Materials & Methods: It included 40 patients with urinary stones. It included 22 males and 18 females. All patients were evaluated for the presence of urinary stones by unenhanced spiral computed tomography (CT). Plain abdominal radiography was performed in all patients. USG examinations were done within 24 hours after CT. US examinations were performed by experienced radiologists. Gray-scale, color and power Doppler USG, and pulsed-wave spectral Doppler USG were performed in all 40 patients. All studies were performed with a transmit frequency of 2.5 to 6.0 MHz. Results: Out of 40 patients, 22 were males and 18 were females. The difference was non - significant (P > 0.05). Renal stones with size < 4mm were 28 and ureteral stones were 18. Renal stones with size > 4mm were 20 and ureteral stones were 6. Gray scale USG detected 60% of stones with size < 4mm and 80% with size > 4mm. Color Doppler USG detected 95% with stones < 4mm and 100% with stones > 4mm. The difference was significant (P < 0.05). Echo difference in renal stones was marked (30), slight (4) and indistinct (14) and in ureteral stones was marked (13), slight (3) and indistinct (8). The difference was significant (P < 0.05). In marked posterior shadowing in renal stones 30 had strong intensity and in ureteral stones had 13 had strong intensity. Conclusion: Color Doppler twirkling sign is effective in detecting renal and ureteral stones. This can be considered as diagnostic aid in assessing stones.
Key words: Color Doppler, twirkling sign, kidney stone

 
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