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Volume 4 Issue 5 (September - October, 2016)

Original Articles

ASSESSMENT OF DIABETIC PATIENT’S RESPONSE TO VACCINATION OF TETANUS
Shashank Dixit, Abdul Mateen Ansari

Background: Type I diabetes has been associated with multiple abnormalities of T-cell function and quantities. Initial studies proved that decreased CD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratios reduced lymphocyte blastogenesis and acquired defects in interleukin-2 production in people affected by DM. Subsequent research revealed reduced T-cell primary responses to protein antigens. Tetanus accounts for large number of deaths particularly in developing countries. Hence; we assessed the response of patients with diabetes to vaccination of tetanus. Materials & Methods: The present study included a total of 90 patients suffering from type-2 diabetes who referred to the department of medicine of the institution. The tetanus antitoxin levels of all participants were below 0.1 IU/ml. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has feature of insulin resistance in peripheral tissue and an insulin secretory defect of the beta cell. Vaccination of the participants is done at 0, 1, and 12 months and venous blood samples were taken at the fourth week after each vaccination. Serums were kept at –70 degree C until analysis. Tetanus antitoxin levels were detected using a commercial ELISA kit. Antitoxin level >5.0 IU/ml: re-vaccination should be administered after 10 years. Patients were stratified into three groups according to the duration of diabetes mellitus as < 5 years, 6-10 years and >11 years. All the result were analysed by SPSS software.  Results: Mean age of the patients in the diabetic group was 56.5 years. Out of a total of 90 patients, 58 were males while 32 were females. 64 patients undergoing treatment for DM were on oral anti-diabetic therapy while 26 of them were on insulin therapy. In the control group, mean age of the patients was 53.5 years. 42 patients in the control group were males. Most of the patients in diabetic group were of age group 61 to 70 years, while in the control group, most of the patients were of the age group of 51 to 60 years.  Conclusion: Significant amount of comparability exist in relation to the response to tetanus vaccination, between patients with and without diabetes.
Key Words: Diabetic, Tetanus, Vaccination

 
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