Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Background: Intestinal obstruction stands as a prevalent surgical emergency, and its therapeutic approach has undergone a series of advancements over time. The objective of this study was to explore the diverse causes, the range of clinical symptoms, the determinants influencing the choice between conservative and surgical treatment, the different surgical techniques employed, and the overall results, all in the context of the underlying causes in patients experiencing intestinal obstruction. Methods: This was a prospective study that encompassed 100 patients who met the specified inclusion criteria. The study spanned one year and focused on individuals with a preliminary diagnosis of intestinal obstruction. Results: The majority of patients in this study were males, primarily falling within the age group of 30 to 45 years, with the fewest patients in the 70 to 85-year age range. The most frequently observed clinical symptom was abdominal pain, and the most common sign was tenderness, while the least common indications were irreducible hernia and the presence of an abdominal mass. The leading cause of intestinal obstruction was identified as adhesions, with worm infestation being the least common. Surgical procedures were the primary mode of treatment for the majority of patients, with laparotomy involving resection and anastomosis being the most commonly performed procedure, while hernioplasty was the least common. Conclusion: Our study findings underscore the significance of early diagnosis, sufficient preoperative hydration, prompt diagnostic procedures, and timely surgical intervention in enhancing the survival rates among patients with intestinal obstruction. By enhancing preoperative preparation and employing skilled anesthetic management, it is conceivable that the mortality associated with abdominal exploration can be minimized to a significant extent.