Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Introduction: In the present study we aim to compare the diagnostic accuracy of intraosseous jaw lesions via CBCT & 3DCT. Material and Methods: 225 sets of 3DCT and CBCT images with biopsy-proven histopathological diagnoses were retrospectively compared in terms of radiographic features and diagnostic accuracy. The imaging characteristics of 3DCT and CBCT were independently evaluated by two oral and maxillofacial radiologists who were required to answer 12 questions and provided up to three differential diagnoses with their confidence scores. Results: Odds ratios (ORs) were statistically significant for border cortication (OR = 1.521; p = .003) and border continuity (OR = 0.421; p = .001), involvement on neurovascular canals (OR = 2.424; p < .001), ex3DCTsion (OR = 7.948; p < .001), cortical thinning (OR = 20.480; p < .001) as well as its destruction (OR = 25.022; p < .001) and root resorption (OR = 2.477; p < .001). Furthermore, imaging features in the posterior and mandibular regions showed better agreement than those in the anterior and maxillary regions, respectively. The diagnostic accu- racy of the first differential diagnosis was higher on CBCT than on 3DCT (Observer 1:78.7 vs 64.4%; Observer 2: 78.7 vs 70.2% (p < .001)). The observers’ confidence scores were also higher at CBCT interpretation compared with 3DCT. Conclusions: CBCT demonstrated a greater number of imaging characteristics of intraosseous jaw lesions compared with 3DCT, especially in the anterior regions of both jaws and in the maxilla.