Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Introduction: Insulin and thyroid are two of the most encountered hormones during pregnancy. Hence in the present study we aim to evaluate if any association is seen between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and thyroid status (TS) throughout pregnancy in a tertiary health care center. Material and Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study, on randomly chosen 628 patients attending the tertiary health care center. After taking a detailed history, oral glucose tolerance test was done for all the participants. If eligible, then thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (F.T4) tests were done. t-test and Chi-square test were used to compare variables between various classes as necessary. Results: The mean gestational age in GDM and non-GDM groups was 20.5 ± 9.1 years and 17.5 ± 9.2 years, which were significantly different (p<.001). There was a substantial (p<.001) high incidence of thyroid disorder (TD) in the non-GDM community. Mean F.T4 of the GDM group was lower in all three trimesters. The mean TSH of the GDM group was more deficient in the early stage of pregnancy but higher in the later stage (3rd trimester). Euthyroid cases were significantly higher (83.8%; p<.001) while subclinical hypothyroidism (9.5%; p<.001) and transient hyperthyroidism (2.4%; p<.001) cases were significantly lower in GDM group. Conclusion: Even though GDM and TD are the most prevalent endocrine disorders during pregnancy, neither TS during pregnancy nor any risk factors for TD have been associated with the development of GDM.