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Volume 7 Issue 11 (November, 2019)

Original Articles

Prevalence of Congenital Malformations in Neonates- A Prospective Study
Kishan Chand Gupta

Background: Congenital anomalies constitute the fifth largest cause of neonatal mortality in the country, but national estimates of the prevalence of these conditions are lacking. The objective of the study was to derive an estimate of the birth prevalence of congenital anomalies in India. Material and Methods: The retrospective study of live neonates from newborn to 1 month of age both inborn and outborn admitted to the hospital irrespective of their general condition with CMs comprised the study population. Details of investigations like ultrasonography, radiology, echocardiography, laboratory studies have done were noted from the case record. Their outcome in the form of morbidity, hospital stay, and mortality was analyzed. Result: Three thousand four hundred and fifty newborn babies of consecutive deliveries were examined at birth for the presence of congenital malformations. The overall prevalence of malformations was 3.18%. Neural tube defects were commonly found. The incidence of congenital malformations was higher in still born, low birth weight, male and preterm babies. Conclusion: CMs represent one of the causes of neonatal mortality. Health-care managers must stress on primary prevention in the form of good antenatal care, nutrition, and drugs to decrease the preventable share of CMs. Early detection and timely management are required to decrease mortality. Keywords: Birth defects, Congenital anomalies, Congenital malformations, Birth prevalence, India.

 
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