Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Background: Any unfavorable event occurring in a patient during or after transfusion of blood and blood components and for which no other reason is known as a transfusion reaction. Transfusion is a frequently administered therapy among the critically ill patients, to treat a condition leading to significant morbidity or mortality that cannot be prevented or managed effectively by other means. The present study was conducted to evaluate acute transfusion reactions occurring in patients admitted to hospital. Materials & Methods: This study was conducted in year 2014. It included 220 patients who had acute transfusion reactions admitted to ICU. A transfusion reaction form with all the blood products, containing patient’s name, age, identification number, name of the ICU, ABO-Rh group of the patient, type of blood product and blood unit registration number was issued. Results: Out of 220 patients, 110 were males and 100 were females. The difference was non – significant (P -1). Out of 10301 numbers of various units transfused, 220 patients developed ATRs. It included 4210 units of packed red cells, 2871 units of fresh frozen plasma and 3220 platelet concentration. The prevalence rate was 2.1%. ATRs were 65 out of 2564 units of transfusion in emergency, 47 out of 2010 units of transfusion in medical ICU, 33 out of 1925 units of transfusion in surgical ICU, 45 out of 2108 units of transfusion in cardiac ICU and 30 out of 1694 units of transfusion in pediatric ICU.  Maximum reactions occurred in emergency ICU with 2.5% prevalence rate. Maximum reactions were febrile non hemolytic transfusion reactions (132) occurring due to packed red cell (80), fresh frozen plasma (32) and platelet concentrate (20) followed by allergic reactions (55), non specific reactions (18), transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) (6), transfusion related sepsis (5) and hemolytic reactions (4). Conclusion: Blood transfusion is a vital therapeutic procedure and there is need to monitored each transfusion carefully with prompt recognition and treatment of ATRs. A well knowledge about these reactions can only prevent their occurrence.
Key words: Acute transfusion, Blood, Platelet concentrate

Corresponding author: Dr Devendra Kumar Katiyar, Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, U.P., India

This article may be cited as: Katiyar DK, Kumar R. Acute transfusion reactions in patients admitted to hospital- A clinical study. J Adv Med Dent Scie Res 2017;5(2):176-179.