Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Background: Dry socket (DS) is defined as “post­operative pain in and around the extraction site, which increases in severity at any time between one and three days after the extraction, accompanied by a partially or totally disintegrated blood clot within the alveolar sock­et, with or without halitosis.” The present study was conducted to evaluate the risk factors leading to dry socket and incidence of DS. Materials & Methods:. Those who underwent non surgical removal of permanent teeth were included in the study. It consisted of 820 teeth in 1040 patients (males- 580, females- 460). Patients were divided into 4 age groups. Group I- <18 years, Group II-18-30years, Group III- 31-50years and Group IV- ≥ 51. Patient’s information such as name, age, gender, smoking status, systemic diseases, use of oral contraceptives, antibiotic consumption before extraction, number of carpules used for anesthesia,  anesthesia technique and location of teeth extracted were recorded.  The location of teeth was divided into 4 quadrants. Upper anterior (UA), upper posterior (UP), lower anterior (LA), and lower posterior (LP). Local anesthesia techniques were divided into field block and regional block. Amount of anesthesia used were classified into 2 forms 1.  <2 carpules 2. >2 carpules. Patients were divided into medically fit and with systemic disorder, smoker or non-smoker. Results: Out 1040 patients 580 were males and 460 were females. Total patients with DS were 42/1040 and the prevalence was 4%. The number of patients with DS in <18 years was 8, 18-30 years (16), 31-50 years (14) and >50 years (4). Higher incidence was reported in age group 18-30 years and 31-50 years. The difference was non significant (P>0.05). DS was seen in males (26) and females (16). The prevalence in males 4.5% was and in females was 3.4%. The difference was non significant (P>0.05). 166 patients were medically fit. DS was seen in 6 patients and 160 were without DS. 874 patients were having systemic diseases. 838 were without DS while DS was seen in 36 patients. The difference was non significant (P>0.05). Smokers were 274 out of which 20 had DS. Nonsmokers were 766 out of which 22 had DS. The prevalence of DS in smokers was 7.2%. The difference was significant (P<0.05). 10 out of 220 oral contraceptive taker had DS. 32 out of 820 had DS. The difference was significant (P<0.05). Maximum cases of DS was seen in Lower posterior (30) followed by upper posterior (8), and upper and lower anterior (2). The difference was significant (P<0.05). 22 patients out of 532 had DS in which less than 2 carpules were used. 20 patients out of 508 had DS in which more than 2 carpules were used. Out of 514, 19 had DS who underwent extraction during field block. 23 out 526 had DS who underwent extraction during regional block. The difference was non significant (P<0.2). Pre-anaesthetic antibiotic consumption was done in 273 patients. Out of which 16 had DS while 257 were without DS. In 267 patients, Pre-anaesthetic antibiotic consumption was not done. 27 developed DS while 740 did not develop. Conclusion: Dry socket is complication seen following extraction of teeth. Smoking is one of the contributory factor leading to DS. Use of oral contraceptive also predisposes to develop DS.
Key words: Dry socket, Pre-anaesthetic antibiotic, Smoking

Corresponding Author: Dr. Gaurav Singh, Reader, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shree Bankey Bihari Dental College and Research Centre, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, Email: drgaurav2@gmail.com

This article may be cited as: Singh R, Aggarwal A, Singh P. Risk factors for dry socket following extraction of permanent teeth: A clinical study. J Adv Med Dent Scie Res 2016;4(6):148-151.