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Volume 7 Issue 2 (February, 2019)

Original Articles

Assessment of Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Chronic Periodontitis Patients– A Case Control Study
Dushyant Pippal, Abhishek Kawadkar, Ratika Shrivastava, Deepali Sakalle, Megha Jain, Manish Goutam

The treatment of periodontal disease in impaired glucose tolerance and diabetic patients is reported to have a beneficial effect on their glucose control. Studies have indicated that periodontal diseases and diabetes mellitus are closely associated and are highly prevalent chronic diseases with many similarities in pathobiology. These findings suggest diabetes increases the risk of periodontaldiseases, and biologically plausible mechanisms have been demonstrated inabundance. As inflammatory disease, periodontitis may increase insulinresistance in a way similar to obesity, thereby aggravating glycemic control. Methods: Total 60 patients of age group 35-55 years with the diagnosis of chronic generalized periodontitis were screened for the purpose of the study using clinicaland radiographic parameters. Oral glucose tolerance was assessed in systemically healthy patients withchronic periodontitisfollowing which, 8 patients were excluded from study as they did not fall under the category of NGT(Non-glucose tolerant) OR IGT(Impaired glucose tolerance). Out of Remaining 52 patients who fulfilled our desired criteria were (23 IGT and 29 NGT) randomly we picked 20 each and assigned them to Group I and Group II respectively (20 each) andenrolled for the study. The relationships between the mean ratio of probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, alveolar bone loss and glucose tolerance results were analyzed. Results: There was statistically significant differencein mean Probing depth between group I and group II (P=0.001) (i.e. 57.460± 26.79% against 30.595 ± 14.15 %.) The proportion of subjects with IGT increased significantlyin the subjects with higher tertiles of alveolar bone loss (P <0.05). In the study, we found a significant difference in Clinical attachment loss (P=0.009) in group I and II (i.e. 30.879 ± 14.07% compared to 18.668 ±1 4.18% and itsrange was from 7.20% to 57.14%). It showed good correlation with the values of glycaemic control and Clinical Attachment Loss. Analysis revealed that group I patients had Mean Alveolar Bone Loss slightly more as compare to groupII patients (i.e. 26.748±12.86% compared to 21.203±5.24%. There was statistically no significant difference in meanAlveolar Bone Loss between groups. (P=0.082). Conclusion: The degree of probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss is associated with IGT, suggesting that periodontitis is associated with impaired glucose tolerance.
Key words: Diabetes; Impaired glucose tolerance; periodontal disease; risk factor.

Received: 1 February, 2019                                     Revised: 20 February, 2019                           Accepted: 23 February, 2019

Corresponding author: Dr. Dushyant Pippal; G2-250 Gulmohar Colony E-8 Ext Bhopal 462039)

This article may be cited as: Pippal D, Kawadkar A, Shrivastava R, Sakalle D, Jain M, Goutam M. Assessment of Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Chronic Periodontitis Patients– A Case Control Study. J Adv Med Dent Scie Res 2019;7(2):95-100.

 
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