Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by higher level of blood glucose level that can be due to defects in insulin protection, insulin action or both. The disease is highlighted for the severity of its complications, in addition to being considered a public health problem in terms of population growth and aging, greater urbanization, the increasing prevalence of obesity and sedentarism, as well as the increased survival rate from people with diabetes. The present study was conducted to assess various complications in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Materials & Methods: This study was conducted in department of general medicine in year 2012. It consisted of 1550 (females- 715, males- 835). Patient blood sample was taken for evaluation of both fasting and random blood sugar estimation. In all patients, HbA1c test was performed. The blood samples of 5 μl were taken for HbA1c test using the unique procedure with Bio-Rad Variant II. The level of glycemic control was defined as optimal (HbA1c < 6.5%), fair (6.5% ≤ HbA1c ≤ 7.5%), and poor (HbA1c > 7.5%). In all patients, complications were recorded. Results: Out of 1550 diabetic patients, 715 were females and 835 males. The difference was non - significant (P - 0.21). 620 patients were in range of 20-39 years and 930 patients were above 40 years of age. Graph I shows that among cardiovascular complications, common were angina (465), hypertension (388), heart disease (95), chronic heart failure (21) and infarction (7). The difference was significant (P- 0.01). Cerebrovascular conditions in patients were stroke (30), transient ischemic attack (47) and both stroke and transient ischemic attack (6). The difference was significant (P- 0.01). Ocular complications were cataract (106), retinopathy (62) and blindness (2). The difference was significant (P- 0.01). Nephropathy conditions were microalbuminuria (4), microalbuminuria (12) and renal failure (10). The difference was non- significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Type II diabetes mellitus is common disease among adults. It has high morbidity and mortality. The high prevalence of complications is indicative of proper need of diagnosis and management of patients.
Key words: Cerebrovascular, diabetes mellitus, hypertension