Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Early diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury in Emergency department is a challenging task. Current diagnostic criteria for AKI poorly recognize early renal dysfunction & may cause delayed diagnosis. We evaluated the use of serum cystatin C for the early and accurate diagnosis of AKI in patients hospitalized in Intensive care unit. Our estimation of kidney function of estimated glomerular filtration rate is clinically dependent on equations like Cockgroft formula which has a inverse relation to Serum Creatinine and its incorrect and late evaluation makes our approach incorrect thus delaying the patients recovery. Serum Creatinine is also dependent on parameters of age, sex, Body mass index & thus leads to an inaccurate measurement of kidney function. Serum Creatinine is limited as a marker of kidney dysfunction in the settings and may be inaccurate in several situations, such as in patients with low muscle mass or with fluid overload or high muscle mass or age. New biomarkers have the potential to identify earlier patients with AKI and in the future potentially intervene to modify outcomes. Equations combining serum cystatin C and Serum Creatinine perform better than the equations using either cystatin C or SCr alone, especially in situations where CKD needs to be confirmed. Combining creatinine, cystatin C and urine albumin to creatinine ratio improves risk stratification for kidney disease progression and mortality.
Key words: Acute kidney injury, Creatinine, Cystatin C