Journal of AdvancedMedical and Dental Sciences Research

Background: Human identification based on different features has emerged as a newer technology. The different identification tools are finger-prints, bite marks, DNA fingerprinting etc. Study of finger prints as a method of identification is known as Dactylography or Dactyloscopy. This article aims at assessing the finger print pattern among ABO blood groups in study population. Materials & Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted in the department of forensic medicine in collaboration to department of physiology in year 2015. It consisted of 440 subjects which involved 200 males and 240 females. Subjects in the age range 18-26 years were included in the study. Finger print were taken on unglazed paper and analyzed into 4 types whorls, loops, composite and arches classification given by Michel & Kucken. Blood group analysis was done into A+ve, B+ve, O+ve, AB+ve, A-ve, B-ve, O-ve and AB-ve. Results: This study comprised of 440 subjects, males (200) and females (240). The difference was non significant (P-0.2). Loop was seen in 60% (264), whorl in 30% (132), composite in 7% (30) and arch in 3% (14). The difference among different patterns was highly significant (P-0.01). Loops were seen in 55% (110) in males and 50% (120), whorls were seen in 32% (62) in males and 29% (70) in females, composite patterns were seen in 8% (16) in males and 6% (14) in females and arch was seen in 5% (10) in males and 15% (36) in females. The difference was non significant among males and females. Maximum subjects belonged to blood group O+ve (32%) followed by B +ve (30%), A +ve (22%), AB +ve (11%). 2% subjects belonged to B-ve while 1% subjects each belonged to A-ve, AB –ve and O-ve. Blood group A+ve showed maximum of whorl pattern (270), blood group B+ve showed loop (350), blood group AB+ve showed composite (130) and blood group O+ve whorl pattern (270). Blood group A-ve showed maximum of whorl (22), blood group B-ve showed loop (34), blood group AB-ve showed whorl (20) and blood group O-ve showed whorl (16) pattern. Conclusion: Author concluded that finger print analysis is useful forensic tool in human identification. It aids in identification of suspect in case of crimes and mass disaster.
Key Words: DNA fingerprinting, Human identification, Loop