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Volume 7 Issue 4 (April, 2019)

Original Articles

A Clinical Assessment of Facial Fractures in Adults - A 5 year retrospective study at K.R. Hospital, Mysore
S. Sandeep Tejaswi, T.S. Subash

Introduction:- Maxillofacial region is injured the most common facial fractures includes mandible, nasal bone followed by Zygomatic, maxilla and alveolar processes. Over the past 100 years significant developments has been made in the treatment of maxillofacial trauma patients. This study may provide valuable data for etiology, incidence , type of maxillofacial injuries. Materials and Methods:- A detailed history of patients was taken from MLC record books of Department of Dentistry, K.R.Hospital, Mysore , required basic and specific investigations that were present in record books such as OPG, CT, X ray PNS were considered and recorded . The fractures were classified according to standard nomenclature and pattern of maxillofacial injuries were compiled according to age, sex , etiology , site, frequency , with helmets and without helmets.  Results:- There were 287 mandibular, 212 maxillary, 97 zygomatico complex , 193 mid face, 167 combined mandibular and maxillary , 17 nasal bone, 27 NOE fractures. Type of injuries included car accidents – 173 (17.3%), motorcycle  - 483 (48.3%) , assaults – 212 (21.2%) , sports – 132 (13.2%).. The distribution of maxillary fractures were Lefort I – 55.1%, Lefort II   12.7% , Lefort III  in 18.86%, maxillary alveolus – 13.2%. Special attention was given to motorcycle accidents and its distribution among males and females with special emphasis on with helmets and without helmets  ( full face / half face helmets) which included out of 483 cases of motorcycle accidents cases with helmets were males 127, females 97, without helmets males 186, females 73. Conclusion:- Amongst mandibular fracture body of mandible is most injured least being the coronoid  process. Lefort I is the most prevalent  pattern of facial fracture in association with maxillary fracture followed by Lefort III pattern. Motorcycle accidents were predominant in this study least being sports injuries. Males encountered most of maxillofacial injuries from motorcycle accidents without Helmets followed by assaults. Patients with full face helmets received least impact on facial bone than those with half faced helmets. Females with half face helmets sustained more injuries than full face which in correlation with similar studies.
Key words:-Road traffic accidents, zygomatico complex, alveolar process, OPG, NOE.

Received: 8 February, 2019                             Revised: 27 March, 2019                               Accepted: 28 March, 2019

Corresponding Author: Dr. T.S. Subash, M.D.S, Conservative and Endodontics, MSc, Forensic Odontology, Head of The Department, Department of Dentistry, K.R. Hospital, Mysore -01, Karnataka, India

This article may be cited as: Tejaswi SS, Subash TS. A Clinical Assessment of Facial Fractures in Adults - A 5 year retrospective study at K.R. Hospital, Mysore. J Adv Med Dent Scie Res 2019;7(4): 62-65.

 
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